In the UK they are known as ‘Paring Chisels’ on account of their length, though they have the same basic outline as a shorter ‘Firmer Chisel’ specifically used for cutting mortises. These are used for level paring into long sections that are inaccessible by shorter tools. They frequently come up on the second-hand market here.
It’s also possible to get bevel-edged versions.

I have a few, and were often used, though not exclusively, by pattern-makers on account of the length.

That one appears to have the remnants of a ‘Kangaroo Brand’ label., which means that it was made by Robert Sorby. The Kangaroo was their trade mark, before the last War and into the 50/60s.

One thing it ain’t – it isn’t a turning tool! (though I suppose that you could do if you wish……)